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Basic Science
Comparison of the antimicrobial effects of 0.2% curcumin mouthwash and chlorhexidine mouthwash on Streptococcus mutans in orthodontic patients: a randomized clinical trial
Tahura Etezadi
Ali Semnani
Hodis Ehsani
Hamid Reza Goli
Amirreza Samaei
Farhad Sobouti
A double-blind clinical study investigated the antibacterial effect of 0.2% curcumin mouthwash on
Streptococcus mutans in individuals undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. After 20 days, the group using curcumin mouthwash had a significantly greater decrease in colony-forming units of
S mutans than a group using 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash.
2025 May/June; 73(3):73-77.
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Pediatric Dentistry
Comparison of the clinical performance of pit and fissure sealants containing either fluoride or amorphous calcium phosphate on permanent first molars
Mahtab Memarpour
Alireza Sharifinejad
Azade Rafiee
Niloofar Mokhtari
The objective of this retrospective split-mouth study was to compare the clinical performance of pit and fissure sealants containing either fluoride or amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) over a period of 24 months. No significant disparities in clinical performance were observed between fluoride- and ACP-containing sealants in terms of retention rates, marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, or anatomical form. The clinical performance of both sealant types was found to be acceptable.
2025 May/June; 73(3):68-72.
Full Article (PDF)
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Basic Science
The connection between poor oral health and metabolic disease: the sugar link theory
Herman B. Dumbrigue
This literature review proposes the sugar link theory, denoting a common upstream factor that explains the connection between declines in oral and systemic health: excessive consumption of sugar and ultraprocessed foods that leads to dysbiosis of the oral and gut microbiomes. This alters biochemical processes, producing metabolic changes that negatively affect oral and systemic health.
2025 May/June; 73(3):60-67.
Full Article (PDF)
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Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis, Oral Pathology
Rare angiofibrolipoma of the oral cavity: a case report
Monika Nandan
Harmeet Singh
Devender Singh Chauhan
Angiofibrolipomas are one of the rarest variants of lipoma, a benign mesenchymal tumor composed of adipose tissue. This case report describes an angiofibrolipoma in the oral cavity of a 40-year-old woman. The mass was excised via electrocautery, and histologic examination revealed mature adipocytes, vascular tissue, and fibrous connective tissue, all characteristic features of angiofibrolipomas.
2025 May/June; 73(3):56-59.
Full Article (PDF)
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Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis, Oral Pathology
Complementary examinations in the diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome: a report of 2 cases
Thaís Xavier Pereira da Silva
Thaylla Núñez Amin Dick
Adriana Dibo Cruz
Janete Dias Almeida
Monica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves
Geraldo Oliveira Silva-Júnior
Two case reports describe the diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome in patients presenting with concerns related to xerostomia, xerophthalmia, and difficulty eating. The diagnosis for each patient was confirmed using oral and ophthalmologic tests, including sialometry, Schirmer test, tear film breakup time test, and ocular staining. Diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome is often complex, requiring the involvement of several professionals.
2025 May/June; 73(3):51-55.
Full Article (PDF)
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SELF-INSTRUCTION
Sports Dentistry
What every dentist needs to know about electric scooters
John K. Brooks
Youstina A. Hanna
Nasir Bashirelahi
This article reviews injuries related to the increasing use of electric scooters and analyzes patient demographics, sites of injuries, mechanisms of injury, risk factors, regulatory statutes, and preventive measures. Oral healthcare providers should advocate safe practices for their patients, such as avoiding alcohol and recreational drug use and wearing protective equipment when riding on scooters.
2025 May/June; 73(3):46-49.
Full Article (PDF)
Self-Instruction Exercise No. GD547
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Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis, Oral Pathology
A clinical guide to oral manifestations and diagnosis of limited systemic sclerosis: a case report
Vanessa Carvajal Soto
Larissa Knysak Ranthum
Helen Heloene Rosa
Eduardo Bauml Campagnoli
Marcelo Carlos Bortoluzzi
A patient presented with gingival pain, temporomandibular joint pain, frequent fevers, night sweats, excessive thirst, hunger, frequent urination, and weight gain. Physical examinations revealed petechiae on the palms, lips, tongue, and soft palate; hypochromia of the lips; fibrosis; dry mouth; and active periodontal disease. Serologic test results were positive for anticentromere and antinuclear antibodies and negative for anti-topoisomerase I antibody, confirming a diagnosis of limited systemic sclerosis.
2025 May/June; 73(3):42-45.
Full Article (PDF)
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Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis, Oral Pathology
Evaluation of pulp stones in unerupted teeth and their correlation with principal biochemical factors using cone beam computed tomography
Zahra Javaheri
Sogol Jafari-Pozve
Nasim Jafari-Pozve
Seyed Sasan Aryanezhad
S. Marjan Arianezhad
A cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study used cone beam computed tomography to evaluate pulp stones in unerupted teeth and to assess the correlation between pulp stones and blood levels of principal biochemical factors. Three groups were defined: small pulp stones, moderate-sized pulp stones, and large pulp stones. As people age, the likelihood of pulp stone formation increases. No statistically significant association was observed between the prevalence of pulp stones and patients’ sex or biochemical factor levels.
2025 May/June; 73(3):35-41.
Full Article (PDF)
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SELF-INSTRUCTION
Restorative Dentistry
Effect of mixing tip design on the mechanical properties, porosity, and waste reduction of extra-light–body polyvinyl siloxane impression material
Kaisha T. Calvin
Eric Hu
Robert Masterson
This study compared the red and blue tips from a new cartridge integrated system (NCIS) against legacy teal mixing tips to determine differences in the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, porosity, and waste of polyvinyl siloxane impression material. The NCIS tips reduced material waste and offered comparable tensile strength in comparison with the legacy tips but resulted in reduced modulus of elasticity and increased porosity.
2025 May/June; 73(3):28-33.
Full Article (PDF)
Self-Instruction Exercise No. GD546
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SELF-INSTRUCTION
Fixed Prosthodontics
Surgical and prosthetic criteria for selecting prefabricated vs custom implant abutments
Gary Greenstein
Sultan Albeshri
Ahmad Majeed-Saidan
This review identifies 15 criteria that can be used to guide the selection of prefabricated vs custom dental implant abutments: implant position, implant angulation, sink depth, emergence profile, collar height, peri-implant crevicular depth, esthetics, restorative margin location, cement removal, running room, diameter parity or disparity, tissue sculpting, retention and resistance forms, interocclusal space, and gingival phenotype. Consideration of these factors during treatment planning will enhance esthetics and promote gingival health around restorations.
2025 May/June; 73(3):20-26.
Full Article (PDF)
Self-Instruction Exercise No. GD545
